JDCMBMarinAlsop

  • Subscribe to our RSS feed.
  • Twitter
  • StumbleUpon
  • Reddit
  • Facebook
  • Digg

Friday, April 26, 2013

Boston tackles Wagner's Flying, er, Scotsman?

Posted on 12:09 AM by Unknown



Tonight Boston Lyric Opera opens a new production of Wagner's The Flying Dutchman. Except that it isn't the opera as we know it: instead, it's an early version - the critical edition of 1841 - set in Scotland. The production is directed by Michael Cavenagh and stars Allison Oakes as Senta, Alfred Walker as the Dutchman, Gregory Frank as Donald [?? - sic] and Chad Shelton as Georg [EH? Ed. - yes, he is Georg, not Erik...] It is the US premiere of this version.

The British conductor David Angus, music director of BLO, is at the helm and I asked him a few questions about this distinctly unusual project for the Wagner bicentenary...
 
JD: David, please tell us something about the differences between this version of The Flying Dutchman and the one we usually hear? Are they obvious or subtle? Does it present any challenges that are significantly different?

DA: The most obvious difference to the audience is the location - Scotland - and the names of the characters.  While this may seem superficial, the music actually contains many references to Scotland, with the typical bagpipe sounds of drones and little grace notes that underpin most of the chorus music, and even form the melody lines. Apparently there are even direct references to real Scottish folk songs, although I have not yet managed to trace these.  The ultimate authority on Scottish Folksong, Marjory Kennedy-Fraser makes this claim.  

(http://www.academia.edu/2540977/Twa_Hours_at_Hame_Taking_the_Songs_of_Scotland_around_the_world_-_Marjory_Kennedy-Fraser_A_Life_of_Song_-_Wagners_Dutchman_A_flying_Hebridean_in_disguise_ )

The point of all this is to understand that he really did write it with Scotland in mind, and so the shift to Norway is not casual and irrelevant.

The musical changes are slight in the modifications for the first performance.  He transposed down the main aria for Senta which is central to the whole piece, at the request of the soprano.  It is not easy to sing, even at the usual pitch, and up a tone, in A minor, is really tough.  However, it then makes a better contrast with the chorus that precedes it, in A major, so we are sticking to his original higher pitch.  The orchestration is hardly altered for the 1843 version, but he later made much bigger changes, in particular adding a sentimental "redemption" ending to both the overture and the final scene.  This introduced the harp, at these two points only.  The harpist sits there the rest of the evening doing nothing!  This Tristan style interruption blocks the energy of the ending in both cases and holds things up for no reason.  It has no place in the piece as he first conceived it, and we are not performing it.

For me the biggest differences are that the standard version, as produced in 1895 by Felix Weingartner, contains every added direction and modification that anybody (not just Wagner) had thought to apply to every performance in the first 50 years, and, on top of that, there has grown a tradition of further modifications, to tempo in particular.  When you see the clean original score, it contains so little in the way of directions that one hardly recognises it.  To take just one example; at the height of the development section in the overture, Senta's theme appears no fewer than four times, with just a few bars between each.  There is not a single marking to identify this.  In the later version somebody, possibly Wagner, wrote Un poco ritenuto.  What does that mean to you?  The tradition, which seems to have become so ingrained that I could not find a single recording that didn't do it (not even Roger Norrington or Bruno Weill on their "authentic" performances), is to slam on the brakes and reduce the speed as little as 1/3 of the main tempo!  Hardly un poco ritenuto!  You build up the momentum, stop in your tracks for a few bars, and then set off again at tempo for a few bars, only to screech to a stop again a few bars later - and they do this 4 times in a row.  Everybody does it!  Why?  I just don't understand.  One might argue that Wagner is quoted as saying that each musical idea has its own natural tempo, but the very same theme occurs immediately afterwards in the coda at an even higher speed, without anybody every questioning it.  We perform it without losing momentum at all, and it works much better, maintaining the forward thrust to the coda.

JD: In what ways does Wagner reflect the intended Scottish setting in the music? Did he keep any of those elements in the final, Norway-set version? 

DA: He kept them all, and didn't make any reference to Norway except in the names - Donald became Daland, Georg became Erik, and Holystrand (where they shelter) became Sandvike.  There were other minor changes to the vocal lines, but nothing of any significance.

JD: How did the Scottish version come to light? What kind of editorial work had to be done to it to make it performable? What attracted you to the idea of staging it on in Boston?

My New York manager mentioned that he had a client who had performed this version in Australia many years ago, and it had been very successful.  At that time it had been uncovered by the conductor during his research, and he had produced orchestral materials himself.  I contacted him and was persuaded to follow it up, only to find that Schott had just produced a critical edition of this very version which had yet to be performed in the US.  You can imagine that, as I was already interested in it, the idea that we could actually have a US premiere of a major work by Wagner was an extremely attractive bonus.  This year there are so many Wagner performances that anything to help us stand out is very valuable.


JD: The story goes that he changed the setting to Norway after a fearsome experience at sea when his ship was forced to shelter in the fjords from a North Sea storm, but do you think there is any other reason for his decision to change the setting?

DA: There are various theories, but he had already had that experience on his journey to London and then Paris, before he wrote this piece, so it was already in his mind when he composed it; he still set it in Scotland.  I believe the reason he later changed it was that he had begun to construct the "lone creative giant" myth about himself - one of the original "spin-doctors" - and decided to make the piece more autobiographical.  Maybe he also wanted to distance himself from his sources - both the Heine original Scottish story and even his musical influences such as Marschner's Der Vampyr (set in Scotland, in which a pale man is redeemed by the death of an innocent girl!).  Wagner's original outline for the opera, set in Scotland, which he had sold to the Paris Opera when they didn't want him to compose the whole opera, had just been set by another composer, and I am sure he didn't want to be associated with that.

To sum up, Wagner wrote a strong early Romantic opera, following directly in the line of Weber (with whose music he had a great deal of direct contact when growing up in Leipzig) but which he and his followers then diluted by tinkering with it.  It has ended up as neither the Musikdrama (i.e. grand symphonic work, through-composed, and woven together with leitmotivs) that it later aspired to be, nor the much more athletic and punchy work that is was originally.  I believe strongly that the original version, shorn of all the "traditions" and modifications, is much stronger.

I have been in contact with David Breckbill, the US authority on performance tradition in Wagner, and he wrote the following which makes a very clear case:

“To perform the Holländer as though it were a later work is to expose the younger Wagner’s inexperience.  Paradoxically, in order to deserve equivalent status with its partners in the Wagner canon, Der fliegende Holländer requires performers whose temperament, spontaneity, and technique can bring out the fresh, vigorous qualities that set this opera apart from the later “music dramas”, instead of assuming that a uniform performance style based on the later works will bring the Holländercloser to them.”
(DavidBreckbill, Cambridge Opera Handbook)

JD: Not about Wagner, but we've all been following the Boston Marathon bomb developments and have been thinking of you over there. How is morale in the company and how is everyone feeling? 

DA: Morale is now good, because the show is going very well and we are all excited to be doing our first big Wagner here.  There was a general feeling that nobody was going to let lunatics like that ruin our lives.  The bombs were awful, and caused chaos in Boston, as you will have heard.  We lost many important rehearsals, but everyone has done everything they could to catch up and we are now back on track.  We were all very shocked at the time, but I also regret that this admittedly horrifying event resulted in a worldwide media frenzy that will encourage every terrorist organisation - showing how simple it is to shut down a major US city twice in a week.  If it had happened in Syria or Iraq, it would hardly have been mentioned!

Photos by Eric Antoniou
Email ThisBlogThis!Share to XShare to FacebookShare to Pinterest
Posted in Boston Lyric Opera, David Angus, The Flying Dutchman, Wagner | No comments
Newer Post Older Post Home

0 comments:

Post a Comment

Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)

Popular Posts

  • The New Creativity - a guest post from James Inverne
    I'm away at the Ulverston International Music Festival in the Lake District, doing some nice concerts. More of this soon. Meanwhile, del...
  • True love and piano heaven?
    Fairly perturbed by London reactions to Andras'/Backhaus's Bechstein - the upper register "cold", "colourless" -...
  • Mendelssohn and Jenny Lind: the truth
    In the latest issue of the Journal of the Royal Musical Association (no.138 issue 1, May 2013), a study by Dr George Biddlecombe has been pu...
  • Music writing masterclass: Bernard Levin and the Wexford lemon juice
    You want to learn how to write beautifully, with erudition and elegance, about a performance you have attended? This little number by the gr...
  • What Bach could do with two oboes
    I've just found part of my favourite Bach cantata on Youtube conducted by John Eliot Gardiner, who seems to know exactly what to do with...
  • Saying YES
    "The peculiar evil of silencing the expression of an opinion is that it is robbing the human race... of the opportunity of exchanging e...
  • Mozart, Manchester and one amazing man
    Dear Manchester, do you have any idea how lucky you are having Gabor Takacs-Nagy aboard your very own Manchester Camerata ? Probably the g...
  • My first night shift
     I'd never ventured to the Orchestra of the Age of Enlightenment's Night Shift series before, having assumed that I'd be a bit ...
  • Friday Historical bonanza of Jelly d'Aranyi
    Yesterday was the 120th birthday of one of my great musical heroines, the violinist Jelly d'Aranyi. And on Youtube, it turns out that an...
  • Fresh from the Gustav Mahler Conducting Competition in Bamberg
    I've just been in Bamberg for a few days to listen to the finals of the Gustav Mahler Conducting Competition . Top prize went to Lahav S...

Categories

  • 'Bel Canto' (1)
  • 50 Shades of Grey (1)
  • A Tale of Two Cities (1)
  • A Village Romeo and Juliet (1)
  • A Walk Through the End of Time (9)
  • Aarhus (2)
  • ABC (1)
  • Academy of Ancient Music (1)
  • ACE (1)
  • Adam Fischer (2)
  • Adila Fachiri (1)
  • Admiralspalast Theater (1)
  • Alan Walker (1)
  • Alan Yentob (2)
  • Alban Berg (1)
  • Alban Gerhardt (1)
  • Albeniz (1)
  • Aldeburgh Festival (1)
  • Aldeburgh World Orchestra (1)
  • Aleksei Kiseliov (1)
  • Alessandro Corbelli (1)
  • Alex Ross (2)
  • Alexander Goldenweiser (2)
  • Alexei Ratmansky (2)
  • Alexey Koltakov (1)
  • Alfred Brendel (1)
  • Alfred Cortot (2)
  • Alice Goodman (1)
  • Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (2)
  • Alicia's Gift (4)
  • Alina Ibragimova (1)
  • Alisa Weilerstein (1)
  • Alissa Weilerstein (1)
  • Alma Deutscher (1)
  • Alma Mahler (1)
  • Alma Rose (2)
  • Amanda Echalaz (1)
  • Amanda Roocroft (1)
  • Ambroise Thomas (1)
  • American Yiddish Theatre (1)
  • Andras Schiff (13)
  • André Messager (1)
  • Andrea Bocelli (2)
  • Andreas Scholl (1)
  • Andris Nelsons (4)
  • Andrzej Panufnik (1)
  • Andy Murray (1)
  • Angela Gheorghiu (2)
  • Angela Hewitt (3)
  • Angelika Kirchschlager (1)
  • Angelo Villani (5)
  • Anita Lasker Wallfisch (1)
  • Anja Harteros (5)
  • Ann Patchett (1)
  • Anna Caterina Antonacci (2)
  • Anna Meredith (1)
  • Anna Pavlova (1)
  • Anne Sofie von Otter (2)
  • Anne-Sophie Mutter (1)
  • Annunziata Vestri (1)
  • Anoushka Shankar (1)
  • Anthony Dowell (1)
  • Anthony Hewitt (6)
  • Anthony Negus (2)
  • Anthony Wilkinson (4)
  • Anton Bruckner (1)
  • Antonin Dvorak (1)
  • Antonino Siragusa (1)
  • Antonio Stradivari (1)
  • Antony McDonald (1)
  • Apollon Musagete Quartet (1)
  • Ariadne auf Naxos (1)
  • Armory (1)
  • Arthur Grumiaux (1)
  • Arthur Honegger (1)
  • Arthur Rubinstein (1)
  • Artists Against Racism (1)
  • Ashley Wass (1)
  • Audrey Niffenegger (2)
  • Augustin Dumay (2)
  • Bach (8)
  • Bach B Minor Mass (1)
  • Bach Cantata BWV 146 (1)
  • Bach Cantata BWV 8 (1)
  • Bach D minor Keyboard Concerto (1)
  • Bach Marathon (1)
  • Bachtrack (1)
  • Bahrain (1)
  • Baldur Bronnimann (1)
  • BalletBoyz (1)
  • Ballets Russes (1)
  • Bamberg (1)
  • Bamberg Symphony Orchestra (1)
  • Barnabas Kelemen (1)
  • Bavarian Radio Symphony Orchestra (2)
  • Bavarian State Opera (4)
  • Bayreuth Festival (2)
  • BBC Cardiff Singer of the World Competition (2)
  • BBC Composer of the Week (1)
  • BBC Music Magazine (1)
  • BBC Music Magazine Awards (2)
  • BBC New Generation Artists (2)
  • BBC Performing Arts Fund (1)
  • BBC Philharmonic (2)
  • BBC Piano Season (1)
  • BBC Promenade Concerts (8)
  • BBC Question Time (1)
  • BBC Radio 3 (9)
  • BBC Radio 3 In Tune (1)
  • BBC Symphony Orchestra (1)
  • BBC Young Musician of the Year (2)
  • BBC2 (1)
  • BBC4 (1)
  • Bechstein (2)
  • Beethoven (4)
  • Beethoven 'An die ferne Geliebte' (2)
  • Beethoven 'Appassionata' Sonata (1)
  • Beethoven 'Hammerklavier' Sonata (1)
  • Beethoven 'Moonlight' Sonata (1)
  • Beethoven Symphony No.7 (1)
  • Beethoven Triple Concerto (1)
  • Bela Bartok (2)
  • Ben Johnson (1)
  • Bengt Forsberg (1)
  • Beniamino Gigli (1)
  • Benjamin Baker (1)
  • Benjamin Britten (6)
  • Benjamin Grosvenor (15)
  • Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra (1)
  • Berlin (1)
  • Berlin Philharmonic (3)
  • Berlioz (1)
  • Bernard Haitink (2)
  • Bernard Levin (1)
  • Bernd Alois Zimmermann (1)
  • Bernstein (1)
  • Big Noise (1)
  • Bill Cosby (1)
  • Billy Joel (1)
  • Birmingham Royal Ballet (1)
  • Bjork (1)
  • Blackberry Man (1)
  • Bolshoi Ballet (2)
  • Bonnie Greer (2)
  • Boosey and Hawkes (1)
  • Boris the Bear (1)
  • Borletti-Buitoni Trust (1)
  • Bosendorfer (1)
  • Boston Lyric Opera (1)
  • Boulezian (1)
  • Bradley Creswick (2)
  • Brahms (2)
  • Brahms Piano Concerto No.1 (1)
  • Brahms Piano Trio Op.87 (1)
  • Brahms Trio Op.8 (1)
  • Bregenz Festival (1)
  • Brian Newbould (1)
  • Brief Encounter (1)
  • Brigitte Engerer (1)
  • Bristol Old Vic (1)
  • Bristol Proms (1)
  • Britten100 (1)
  • Brno (1)
  • Bruckner (1)
  • Bryan Hymel (2)
  • Bryn Terfel (4)
  • Bucharest (1)
  • Budapest (1)
  • Budapest Festival Orchestra (4)
  • Building A Library (1)
  • Buskaid (1)
  • Buxton Festival (2)
  • Cambridge (1)
  • Camilla Nylund (1)
  • Candide (1)
  • Cape Town (1)
  • Cappella Andrea Barca (1)
  • Carl Orff (1)
  • Carlos Kleiber (1)
  • Carmen (1)
  • Carmina Burana (1)
  • Carnegie Hall (1)
  • Caroline Dale (1)
  • cartoon (1)
  • CBSO (5)
  • CD Review (3)
  • Cecilia Bartoli (2)
  • CERN (1)
  • Cesaria Evora (1)
  • Chabrier (1)
  • Chamber Domaine (1)
  • Champs Hill Records (1)
  • Charles Dickens (2)
  • Charles Rosen (1)
  • Chausson Concert in D (1)
  • Chetham's Piano Summer School (2)
  • Chetham's School of Music (6)
  • Chilingirian String Quartet (2)
  • Chopin (4)
  • Chopin Barcarolle (2)
  • Chopin Fantasie-Impromptu (1)
  • Chopin Festival (1)
  • Chopin Nocturne Op.55 No.2 (1)
  • Chopin Piano Concerto No.1 (1)
  • Chopin Polonaise-Fantasie (2)
  • Christine Rice (1)
  • Christmas market (1)
  • Christmas TV (1)
  • Christoph Berner (1)
  • Christopher Hogwood (1)
  • Christopher O'Riley (1)
  • Christopher Purves (1)
  • Christopher Wheeldon (4)
  • Cilea (1)
  • Claire Desert (1)
  • Claire Tomalin (1)
  • Clara Haskil (1)
  • Clara Schumann (1)
  • Classic Brits (1)
  • Classic FM (2)
  • Classical Music Magazine (2)
  • Classical Revolution (1)
  • Classical:NEXT (4)
  • Claude Debussy (6)
  • Claudia Muzio (1)
  • Claudio Abbado (3)
  • Claudio Monteverdi (1)
  • Clemency Burton-Hill (1)
  • clibing nachas (1)
  • Clive Brown (1)
  • closures (1)
  • CNN (1)
  • Colourstrings (1)
  • Comedian Harmonists (1)
  • Comic Relief (1)
  • Commedia dell'arte (1)
  • concert clothing (1)
  • Concert Opera League Tables 2011 (1)
  • Costa Concordia (1)
  • Coughing in concert halls (1)
  • crowdfunding (1)
  • Cultural Olympiad (1)
  • Culture Kicks (3)
  • Culturekicks (1)
  • cuts (3)
  • Dad's Army (1)
  • Daisy Evans (1)
  • Dame Ethel Smyth (1)
  • Dame Evelyn Glennie (1)
  • Dame Harriet Walter (6)
  • Dame Myra Hess (7)
  • Damenfußballmannschaft des Bayerischen Staatsorchesters (1)
  • Damon Albarn (1)
  • Dan-Iulian Drutac (1)
  • Dana (1)
  • Daniel Barenboim (15)
  • Daniel Opoku (1)
  • Daniela Mack (1)
  • Daniele Gatti (1)
  • Danielle de Niese (5)
  • Daniil Trifonov (7)
  • Danish String Quartet (1)
  • Dansons la capucine (1)
  • Darcey Bussell (1)
  • Darth Vader (1)
  • Das Wunder der Heliane (1)
  • Dave Brubeck (1)
  • David Angus (1)
  • David Danzmayr (1)
  • David Harsent (1)
  • David Hockney (1)
  • David Lang (1)
  • David Le Page (4)
  • David Mitchell (1)
  • David Oistrakh (1)
  • de-skilling (1)
  • Debbie Wiseman (1)
  • Debussy (1)
  • Decca (3)
  • Degas (1)
  • Delius (2)
  • Denmark (1)
  • Der fliedende Hoellander (1)
  • Der Rosenkavalier (2)
  • Deutsche Grammophon (1)
  • Devon Guthrie (1)
  • Devy Erlih (1)
  • DH Lawrence (1)
  • Diamond Jubilee (2)
  • Diana Damrau (1)
  • Die schöne Müllerin (1)
  • Die Soldaten (1)
  • Die tote Stadt (4)
  • Die Walkure (3)
  • Die Zauberflote (1)
  • Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau (1)
  • Dmitry Golovnin (1)
  • Dominic Lawson (1)
  • Don Carlo (2)
  • Don Pasquale (1)
  • Donald McIntyre (1)
  • Donna Leon (1)
  • Dorothy Taubman (1)
  • Draw On Sweet Night (1)
  • Duke Bluebeard's Castle (2)
  • dumbing down (1)
  • Duncan Rock (1)
  • Duparc (1)
  • Eats Shoots and Leaves (1)
  • EBacc (2)
  • Ebenezer Prout (1)
  • Ed Gardner (2)
  • Eddie Duchin (1)
  • Edna Golandsky (1)
  • Edward Gardner (7)
  • Edward Said (1)
  • Edward Watson (4)
  • El Sistema (3)
  • Elena Firsova (1)
  • Elena Urioste (1)
  • Elgar (2)
  • Elliott Carter (2)
  • Emma Bell (3)
  • English Baroque Soloists (1)
  • English National Opera (7)
  • English PEN (1)
  • English Touring Opera (1)
  • ENO (11)
  • Eric Carmen (1)
  • Eric Underwood (1)
  • Erica Worth (1)
  • Ernest Chausson (1)
  • Ernesto Mazzola (1)
  • Errollyn Wallen (4)
  • Esa-Pekka Salonen (4)
  • Eugen Jochum (1)
  • Eugene Onegin (1)
  • Eugene Ysaye (1)
  • Eva-Maria Westbroek (1)
  • Evgeny Mravinsky (1)
  • Fabien Gabel (1)
  • Fabio Armiliato (2)
  • Facebook (1)
  • Fairfield Halls Croydon (2)
  • fairy tales (1)
  • Fantasia (1)
  • Fauré Cello Sonata No.2 (1)
  • Faure Pavane (1)
  • Fawlty Towers (1)
  • Fazil Say (1)
  • Federico Bonelli (1)
  • Federico Colli (2)
  • Felicity Lott (1)
  • Felix Mendelssohn (1)
  • Ferruccio Furlanetto (1)
  • Fiona Shaw (1)
  • Flames of Paris (1)
  • Flight of the Bumble Bee (1)
  • Forbidden Music: The Jewish Composers Banned by the Nazis (1)
  • Formula One (1)
  • Fou Ts'ong (1)
  • Frances Andrade (3)
  • Francesco Piemontesi (1)
  • Franck Prelude Chorale et Fugue (1)
  • Frank Gehry (1)
  • Franz Liszt (3)
  • Franz Waxman (1)
  • Frederick Delius (2)
  • freedom of speech (1)
  • Friar Alessandro Brustenghi (1)
  • Friedrich Hollaender (1)
  • Fritz Kreisler (3)
  • Fritz Wunderlich (1)
  • From Paris: A Taste of Impressionism (1)
  • FS Kelly (1)
  • Gabor Takacs-Nagy (2)
  • Gabriel Faure (1)
  • Gabriel Fauré (9)
  • Gabriel Prokofiev (1)
  • Gabriel Yared (1)
  • Gabriela Montero (3)
  • Gad Kadosh (1)
  • Galina Vishnevskaya (1)
  • Gareth Davies (1)
  • Gareth Malone (1)
  • Gaspar Cassado (1)
  • George Benjamin (1)
  • George Meredith (1)
  • George Michael (1)
  • George Osborne (1)
  • Georges Auric (1)
  • Georges Neveux (1)
  • get started in writing (1)
  • GetClassical.org (1)
  • Gideon Klein (1)
  • Gilbert and Sullivan (1)
  • Giselle (1)
  • Giulio Cesare (1)
  • Giuseppe Verdi (4)
  • Gloriana (1)
  • Gluck (2)
  • Glyndebourne (10)
  • Gotterdammerung (1)
  • Gramophone Awards (2)
  • Grand pas de deux (1)
  • Grange Park Opera (1)
  • Grieg Piano Concerto (1)
  • Grigory Ginzburg (2)
  • Grigory Sokolov (2)
  • Guarneri del Gesu (1)
  • Guillaume Tell (1)
  • Gustav Mahler (2)
  • Gustav Mahler Conducting Competition (1)
  • Gustavo Dudamel (5)
  • Guy Paul (2)
  • Gwyneth Jones (1)
  • Handel (2)
  • hang (1)
  • Hannibal Lecter (1)
  • Hans Gál (1)
  • Hans Krasa (1)
  • Hans Werner Henze (2)
  • Hansel und Gretel (1)
  • Harriet Harman (1)
  • Harry Christophers (1)
  • Harvey and the Wallbangers (1)
  • Haydn (1)
  • Hayley Westenra (1)
  • Hejre Kati (1)
  • Helmut Deutsch (2)
  • Henri Dutilleux (1)
  • Henri Oguike (1)
  • Henry Goodman (8)
  • Herbert von Karajan (1)
  • Hitler (2)
  • Houston Grand Opera (1)
  • Hristo Dunev (1)
  • Hubay (1)
  • Hugh Mather (1)
  • Hugo Chavez (1)
  • Human Rights Day (1)
  • Humoresque (1)
  • Hungarian Dances (13)
  • Hungarian State Opera (1)
  • Hungary (1)
  • Huw Watkins (1)
  • I vespri Siciliani (1)
  • Ian Bostridge (1)
  • Ian Rosenblatt (1)
  • Ida Haendel (1)
  • Iestyn Davies (1)
  • Ignaz Friedman (1)
  • Il Volo (1)
  • Ilona Oltuski (1)
  • Ilya Gringolts (1)
  • Imogen Cooper (2)
  • Imperial Film Productions (1)
  • improvisation (1)
  • IMS Prussia Cove (1)
  • In Harmony (2)
  • In Tune (3)
  • Inspiration (1)
  • Institut Francais (1)
  • International Chopin Competition (1)
  • International Opera Awards (1)
  • International Wimbledon Music Festival (7)
  • International Women's Day (2)
  • Ion Mosneaga (1)
  • Isaac Stern (1)
  • Isabelle Faust (1)
  • ISM (4)
  • Isolde Menges (2)
  • It's All About Piano (2)
  • Itamar Golan (1)
  • Ivan Fischer (4)
  • Ivan Putrov (1)
  • Ivan Turgenev (1)
  • Ivan Vasiliev (3)
  • Jackie Evancho (1)
  • Jacques Imbrailo (2)
  • James Inverne (1)
  • James MacMillan (1)
  • Jamie Barton (1)
  • Jan Eschke (1)
  • Jane Birkin (1)
  • Janina Fialkowska (1)
  • Janine Jansen (1)
  • Japan earthquake (2)
  • Jascha Heifetz (2)
  • Jayson Gillham (1)
  • jazz (1)
  • JDCMB Ginger Stripe Awards (2)
  • Jean Francaix (1)
  • Jean Muller (1)
  • Jean Rigby (1)
  • Jean-Yves Thibaudet (1)
  • Jelly d'Aranyi (4)
  • Jenny Lind (1)
  • Jeremy Hunt (1)
  • Jerome Robbins (1)
  • Jessica Ennis (1)
  • Jiayun Sun (1)
  • Joan Crawford (1)
  • Joan Tower (1)
  • Joanna Lumley (1)
  • Joanna MacGregor (2)
  • Joby Talbot (1)
  • Jocelyn Pook (1)
  • Jodi Picoult (1)
  • Johan Kobborg (1)
  • Johann Reiter (1)
  • Johannes Brahms (2)
  • John Adams (4)
  • John Amis (1)
  • John Axelrod (1)
  • John Barbirolli (1)
  • John Berry (2)
  • John Bridcut (2)
  • John Bunyan (1)
  • John Cage (3)
  • John Eliot Gardiner (3)
  • John Foulds (1)
  • John Fulljames (1)
  • John Stuart Mill (1)
  • John Wilbye (1)
  • Johnny Varro (1)
  • Jon Snow (1)
  • Jonas Kaufmann (27)
  • Jonathan Biss (1)
  • Jonathan Harvey (1)
  • Jonathan Kent (1)
  • Jonathan Nott (2)
  • Jose Cura (1)
  • Joseph Calleja (6)
  • Joseph Szigeti (1)
  • Joshua Bell (1)
  • Jossi Wieler (1)
  • Joyce DiDonato (5)
  • Joyce Hatto (1)
  • Juan Diego Florez (3)
  • Jude Kelly (2)
  • Judith Bingham (1)
  • Judith Weir (4)
  • Julia Fischer (1)
  • Julietta (1)
  • Kaija Saariaho (2)
  • Kandinsky (1)
  • Karita Mattila (1)
  • Karol Szymanowski (2)
  • Kasper Holten (1)
  • Katharina Thoma (1)
  • Katherine Jenkins (1)
  • Kathleen Ferrier (1)
  • Kathleen Ferrier Awards (1)
  • Kathryn Page (1)
  • Kati Debretzeni (1)
  • Katie Mitchell (1)
  • Keith Jarrett (1)
  • Keith Warner (1)
  • Ken Russell (2)
  • Kenneth MacMillan (2)
  • Kenneth Woods (1)
  • Kevin O'Hare (1)
  • Kickstart Your Writing (2)
  • King Roger (1)
  • Kirill Kondrashin (1)
  • Kitty Whately (1)
  • KKL (2)
  • Klaus Heymann (1)
  • Korngold (11)
  • Kristine Opolais (1)
  • Krystian Zimerman (6)
  • L'Arlesiana (1)
  • L'Orfeo (1)
  • La Donna del Lago (1)
  • La Traviata (1)
  • La Vestale (1)
  • La voix humaine (1)
  • Lady Valerie Solti (2)
  • Lahav Shani (1)
  • Lance Ryan (1)
  • Lang Lang (6)
  • Lara Melda (1)
  • Large Hadron Collider (1)
  • Last Night of the Proms (4)
  • Latitude Festival (1)
  • Laura Morera (1)
  • Lauren Cuthbertson (2)
  • Laurent Pelly (2)
  • Le comte Ory (1)
  • Le nozze di Figaro (1)
  • Le roi malgre lui (1)
  • Lee Bisset (1)
  • Leeds International Piano Competition (4)
  • Leif Ove Andsnes (2)
  • Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra (1)
  • lemon juice (1)
  • Leningrad Philharmonic (1)
  • Leon Botstein (1)
  • Leonard Bernstein (1)
  • Leonard Elschenbroich (1)
  • Leonard Friedman (1)
  • Leonidas Kavakos (1)
  • Leontyne Price (1)
  • Lera Auerbach (1)
  • Les vepres sicilienne (1)
  • Lesley Collier (1)
  • Lesley Garrett (2)
  • Levon Chilingirian (1)
  • Liam Scarlett (2)
  • Lianna Haroutounian (1)
  • Lincinio Refice (1)
  • Lindsey Hilsum (1)
  • Lionel Meunier (1)
  • Lisa della Casa (1)
  • Lise Berthaud (1)
  • Lisztomania (1)
  • Little Angel Theatre (2)
  • Lohengrin (1)
  • London 2012 (2)
  • London 2012 Festival (5)
  • London 2012 Olympic Games (6)
  • London Gay Men's Chorus (1)
  • London Mozart Players (2)
  • London Philharmonic (1)
  • London Symphony Orchestra (1)
  • Longborough Festival Opera (2)
  • Lorca's Songs (1)
  • Louis Schwizgebel (3)
  • Love Abide (1)
  • Loving Miss Hatto (1)
  • LPO (3)
  • LSO (8)
  • Lucerne Easter Festival (3)
  • Lucerne Festival (4)
  • Lucerne Festival Academy (1)
  • Lucerne Piano Festival (2)
  • Luciano Pavarotti (1)
  • Luis Suarez (1)
  • Lutoslawski Piano Concerto (1)
  • Luxor (1)
  • Lyric Opera of Chicago (1)
  • Magdalena Kozena (1)
  • Magritte (1)
  • Mahler Symphony No.4 (1)
  • Malcolm Layfield (3)
  • Malcolm MacDonald (1)
  • Malcolm Sargent (1)
  • Manchester Camerata (1)
  • Manon (1)
  • Manu Delago (1)
  • Margaret Fingerhut (2)
  • Margaret Thatcher (1)
  • Margery Booth (1)
  • Margot Fonteyn (1)
  • Maria Celeng (1)
  • Maria Joao Pires (1)
  • Maria Yudina (1)
  • Mariame Clement (1)
  • Marianela Nunez (2)
  • Mariinsky Ballet (1)
  • Marin Alsop (4)
  • Marina Mahler (1)
  • Marion Cotillard (1)
  • Mariss Jansons (2)
  • Marius Petipa (1)
  • Mariusz Kwiecien (1)
  • Mark Ravenhill (1)
  • Mark Rylance (1)
  • Mark Simpson (1)
  • Martha Argerich (3)
  • Martin Crimp (1)
  • Martin Isepp (1)
  • Martin Roscoe (4)
  • Martinu (1)
  • Martyn Brabbins (1)
  • Matisse (1)
  • Matthew Bourne (3)
  • Maud MacCarthy (1)
  • Maurice Gendron (1)
  • Max Hole (1)
  • Max Raabe (1)
  • Maxim Rysanov (1)
  • Maxim Vengerov (2)
  • Mayerling (1)
  • Medici TV (3)
  • Mei Yi Foo (1)
  • Melly Still (1)
  • Men in Motion (1)
  • Mendelssohn on Mull (1)
  • Mendelssohn Scholarship Foundation (1)
  • Merce Cunningham (1)
  • Messiaen (3)
  • Messiah (2)
  • Metropolitan Opera (1)
  • Meyerbeer (3)
  • Michael Barenboim (2)
  • Michael Berkeley (1)
  • Michael Brewer (2)
  • Michael Gove (2)
  • Michael Grandage (1)
  • Michael Haas (1)
  • Michael Praetorius (1)
  • Michael Seal (1)
  • Michael Tilson Thomas (1)
  • Michel van der Aa (1)
  • Mieczyslaw Weinberg (1)
  • Mihaly Nádor (1)
  • Mikhai (1)
  • Mikhail Agrest (1)
  • Mikhail Rudy (4)
  • Mikhailovsky Ballet (2)
  • Mischa Giancovich (1)
  • Miss Fortune (2)
  • Mitsuko Uchida (3)
  • Monica Mason (2)
  • Monteverdi Choir (1)
  • Mortlake Station (1)
  • Mozart (6)
  • Mstislav Rostropovich (2)
  • Munich (3)
  • Munich Opera Festival (1)
  • Murray McLachlan (1)
  • Murray Perahia (3)
  • music critics (2)
  • music journalism (1)
  • musical discovery (1)
  • musical literacy (1)
  • MusicatMalling (1)
  • Musikverein (2)
  • Mussorgsky (1)
  • My First Opera (1)
  • Myra Hess Day (1)
  • Mythes (1)
  • Nadejda Vlaeva (1)
  • Natalia Osipova (5)
  • Natalya Romaniw (1)
  • Nathalie Paulin (1)
  • Nathan Milstein (1)
  • National Gallery (3)
  • National Lottery (1)
  • National Opera Studio (1)
  • National Youth Choir (1)
  • National Youth Orchestra (2)
  • Naxos Records (1)
  • Nazis (1)
  • Nelson Freire (1)
  • Nelson Mandela (1)
  • Nessun dorma (1)
  • New Adventures (3)
  • New Year's Day concert (2)
  • New York Philharmonic (1)
  • New York Times (1)
  • Nicholas Collon (1)
  • Nicholas Roerich (1)
  • Nick Hillel (1)
  • Nick van Bloss (1)
  • Nicola Benedetti (5)
  • Nigel Kennedy (1)
  • Night Shift (2)
  • Nikolaj Znaider (1)
  • Nimrod Borenstein (1)
  • Nina Stemme (7)
  • Noah Stewart (2)
  • Non ti scordar di me (1)
  • Noriko Ogawa (2)
  • Norman Geras (2)
  • Norman Lebrecht (1)
  • Norman Perryman (3)
  • Normblog (1)
  • O2 Arena (1)
  • OAE (6)
  • Offenbach (1)
  • Olena Tokar (1)
  • Olivier Awards (1)
  • Olivier Messiaen (4)
  • Olympic Games (1)
  • Olympic opening ceremony (1)
  • Ombra di nube (2)
  • Opera News (1)
  • Opera Theater of St Louis (1)
  • Opera Undressed (1)
  • Operalia (2)
  • Orange Tree Theatre (6)
  • Orchestra of the Swan (2)
  • Orpheus Foundation (1)
  • Orpheus Sinfonia (1)
  • Paavo Berglund (1)
  • Paderewski (1)
  • Palast Orchester (1)
  • ParalympicsGB (1)
  • Paris Opera Ballet (1)
  • Parsifal (2)
  • Pascal Devoyon (1)
  • Patrice Chéreau (1)
  • Paul Claudel (1)
  • Paul Daniel (2)
  • Paul Groves (1)
  • Paul Lewis (2)
  • Paul Morley (1)
  • Pavel Haas (1)
  • Penelope Wilton (1)
  • Peter Donohoe (1)
  • Peter Mattei (1)
  • Peter Zinovieff (1)
  • Petrushka (2)
  • Philharmonia Orchestra (3)
  • Philip Glass (1)
  • Philip Pullman (1)
  • Philippe Graffin (3)
  • Philippe Jaroussky (1)
  • Pianist Magazine (4)
  • pianists (1)
  • Piano News (1)
  • Piazzolla (1)
  • Pictures at an Exhibition (1)
  • Pierre Boulez (7)
  • Pierre-Laurent Aimard (1)
  • Piers Lane (3)
  • Piotr Anderszewski (1)
  • Placido Domingo (3)
  • Popstar to Operastar (1)
  • Poulenc (2)
  • Professor John Deathridge (1)
  • Prokofiev (1)
  • Proms (8)
  • Puccini (2)
  • Pumeza Matshikiza (1)
  • Purcell (1)
  • quantum mechanics (1)
  • Quartet for the End of Time (4)
  • Queen Elisabeth Music Chapel (2)
  • Queen's Birthday Honours List (1)
  • Rachel Nicholls (2)
  • Rachel Portman (1)
  • Rachmaninov (5)
  • Rachmaninov Sonata No.1 (1)
  • Radiohead (1)
  • Rainer Hersch (2)
  • Ralph Vaughan Williams (2)
  • Raven Girl (2)
  • Ravi Shankar (1)
  • Red Nose Day (1)
  • Remembrance Sunday (1)
  • Renaud Capucon (1)
  • Rene Pape (1)
  • Renee Fleming (1)
  • Rhapsody in Blue (1)
  • Riccardo Chailly (1)
  • Richard Jones (1)
  • Richard Marlow (1)
  • Richard Sisson (1)
  • Richard Strauss (2)
  • Richard Wagner (6)
  • Rigoletto (1)
  • Rites of Spring (3)
  • River Pageant (2)
  • Robert Craft (1)
  • Robert Fisk (1)
  • Robert le Diable (4)
  • Robert Maycock (2)
  • Robert Maycock Memorial Writer's Prize (1)
  • Robert Schumann (2)
  • Roberto Bolle (1)
  • Robin Ticciati (1)
  • Robin Tritschler (1)
  • Roger Daltrey (1)
  • Roger Federer (1)
  • Roger Norrington (1)
  • Roger Wright (1)
  • ROH Linbury Studio (1)
  • Roland Wood (1)
  • Rolando Villazon (5)
  • Romania (1)
  • romanticism (1)
  • Romeo and Juliet (1)
  • Rosa Parks (1)
  • Rosemary Nalden (1)
  • Rosenblatt Recital Series (2)
  • Rossini (2)
  • Roundhouse (1)
  • Roxanna Panufnik (6)
  • Royal Academy of Arts (1)
  • Royal Academy of Music (1)
  • Royal Albert Hall (1)
  • Royal Ballet (9)
  • Royal College of Music (1)
  • Royal Festival Hall (3)
  • Royal Marines (1)
  • Royal Northern College of Music (2)
  • Royal Opera House (26)
  • Royal Philharmonic Society (2)
  • RPS Awards (3)
  • Rusalka (4)
  • Russell Hoban (1)
  • Rustem Hayroudinoff (4)
  • Ryan Wigglesworth (1)
  • Ryszard Bakst (1)
  • Sacha Baron Cohen (1)
  • Sadler's Wells (3)
  • Saint-Saens (3)
  • Sakari Oramo (1)
  • Sally Beamish (1)
  • Sally Matthews (1)
  • Salvatore Licitra (1)
  • Salzburg Festival (2)
  • Samuel Coleridge-Taylor (1)
  • Samuel Pisar (1)
  • Sandor Feher (1)
  • Sandor Vegh (1)
  • Sara Mohr-Pietsch (2)
  • Sarah Connolly (5)
  • Sarah Lamb (2)
  • Sarah Lund (1)
  • Sarah Lund sweater (1)
  • Schubert (6)
  • Schubert Winterreise (1)
  • Scottish Opera (1)
  • Sean Shibe (1)
  • Sena Jurinac (2)
  • Serge Gainsbourg (1)
  • Sergei Polunin (6)
  • Sergio Morabito (3)
  • sexism in music (2)
  • Shakespeare (1)
  • Siegfried (1)
  • Silent Opera (1)
  • Simon Bolivar Symphony Orchestra (1)
  • Simon Hewitt Jones (1)
  • Simon Keenlyside (1)
  • Simon Mulligan (2)
  • Simon Rattle (2)
  • Simon Trpceski (1)
  • Simon's Cat (1)
  • Sinfini (4)
  • Sinfini Music (3)
  • Sins of the Fathers (1)
  • Sir Anthony Hopkins (1)
  • Sir Colin Davis (5)
  • Sir Frederick Ashton (1)
  • Sir Georg Solti (5)
  • Sir Harrison Birtwistle (2)
  • Sir John Tomlinson (4)
  • Sir Mark Elder (1)
  • Sir Peter Maxwell Davies (1)
  • Sir Roger Norrington (1)
  • Sir Simon Rattle (5)
  • Sir Thomas Allen (1)
  • Sir Thomas Beecham (1)
  • Sistema Scotland (1)
  • Skyfall (1)
  • Skyline London (1)
  • SOAS (1)
  • Soeur Sourire (1)
  • Sofia Gubaidulina (1)
  • Somerset House (1)
  • Songs of War (1)
  • Sonos (1)
  • Sophie Bevan (3)
  • Soul Mavericks (1)
  • South Africa (1)
  • South West Trains (1)
  • Southbank Centre (2)
  • Souvenirs de Bayreuth (1)
  • Soweto String Quartet (1)
  • Special Offer (1)
  • Spem in Alium (1)
  • Sponsorship (1)
  • Spontini (1)
  • St Barnabas Ealing (1)
  • St James Piccadilly (2)
  • St James Theatre (3)
  • St James Theatre Studio (3)
  • St Mary's Perivale (1)
  • Stabat Mater (1)
  • Stefan Herheim (1)
  • Steinway (1)
  • Steinway Hamburg (1)
  • Stephen Barlow (2)
  • Stephen Hough (1)
  • Steven Isserlis (2)
  • Steven McRae (1)
  • Steven Osborne (1)
  • Steven Stucky (1)
  • Stravinsky (7)
  • Street Child World Cup (1)
  • Stuart Skelton (1)
  • Stuttgart Opera (1)
  • Sunken Garden (1)
  • Susan Boyle (1)
  • Susan Bullock (1)
  • Suzy Klein (1)
  • Svetlana Zakharova (1)
  • Sviatoslav Richter (2)
  • Swan Lake (3)
  • Swan Lake in 3D (2)
  • Symphony Hall Birmingham (5)
  • Tamsin Waley-Cohen (1)
  • Tannhauser (1)
  • Tasmin Little (10)
  • Tchaikovsky (6)
  • Tchaikovsky Competition (1)
  • Team GB (1)
  • TED (1)
  • tenors (1)
  • Terry Gilliam (1)
  • The Anvil Basingstoke (1)
  • The Apprentice (1)
  • The Beatles (1)
  • The Brothers Grimm (1)
  • The Concert (1)
  • The Cunning Little Vixen (1)
  • The Death of Klinghoffer (4)
  • The End of Time (1)
  • The Flying Dutchman (2)
  • The Killing (1)
  • The Knife (2)
  • The Lark Ascending (1)
  • The Magic Flute (2)
  • The Marriage of Figaro (2)
  • The Marx Brothers (1)
  • The Met in HD (1)
  • The Metamorphosis (1)
  • The Minotaur (1)
  • The Nutcracker (5)
  • The Olympianist (2)
  • The Passenger (2)
  • The Perfect American (1)
  • The Pilgrim's Progress (1)
  • The Prince of the Pagodas (1)
  • The Queen (2)
  • The Queen of Spades (1)
  • The Rake's Progress (1)
  • The Rest is Noise (7)
  • The Ring (2)
  • The Rite of Spring (6)
  • The Roundhouse (1)
  • The Royal Ballet (3)
  • The Second Mrs Kong (1)
  • The Silver Violin (2)
  • The Sleeping Beauty (1)
  • The Spectator Arts Blog (4)
  • The Sun (1)
  • The Tales of Hoffmann (1)
  • The Voice (1)
  • The Well-Tempered Clavier (1)
  • Thiago Soares (1)
  • Thomas Hampson (1)
  • Thomas Kemp (1)
  • Tim Walker (fashion photographer) (1)
  • Tim Wilson (1)
  • Timothy West (1)
  • Toby Spence (3)
  • Tom Lehrer (1)
  • Tom Morris (1)
  • Tom Service (1)
  • Tony Fell (1)
  • Tony Pappano (6)
  • Top Ten (2)
  • Tosca (3)
  • Tower Records (1)
  • Trending on Twitter (1)
  • Tribschen (1)
  • Trinity Buoy Wharf (1)
  • Trinity College (1)
  • Trio Jean Paul (1)
  • Trish Clowes (1)
  • Tung-Chieh Chuang (1)
  • Turandot (1)
  • Turner Sims Concert Hall (1)
  • Twitter (1)
  • Two Moors Festival (1)
  • Ulverston International Music Festival (2)
  • Universal (1)
  • Universal Classics (1)
  • University of North Carolina Chapel Hill (1)
  • University ranking (1)
  • Unsuk Chin (1)
  • Valery Gergiev (8)
  • Van Cliburn (1)
  • Vaslav Nijinsky (1)
  • Vassily Petrenko (1)
  • Veda Kaplinsky (1)
  • Venezuela (1)
  • Verdi (3)
  • Victor Borge (1)
  • Victoria Wood (1)
  • Vienna (3)
  • Viktor Ullmann (1)
  • Viktoria Mullova (1)
  • Vilde Frang (2)
  • Violin School (1)
  • Violonista (1)
  • Viv McLean (3)
  • Vivaldi (2)
  • Vivaldi The Four Seasons (1)
  • Vladimir Horowitz (3)
  • Vladimir Jurowski (3)
  • VOCES8 (1)
  • Voice of Russia (3)
  • Wagner (16)
  • Wagner 200 (4)
  • War Requiem (1)
  • Watershed (1)
  • Wayne McGregor (3)
  • Welte-Mignon reproducing piano (1)
  • Wen Zhou Li (1)
  • Werner Gura (1)
  • Werther (1)
  • West-Eastern Divan Orchestra (7)
  • Wexford Opera Festival (3)
  • White Rose Resistance Movement (1)
  • Whitgift School International Music Competition (1)
  • Wigmore Hall (7)
  • Wilhelm Backhaus (1)
  • Will Robin (1)
  • Wimbledon (1)
  • Wimbledon Festival (1)
  • Witold Lutowslawski (4)
  • Wladislaw Spilman (1)
  • women conductors (1)
  • Women of the World Festival (1)
  • Woody Allen (1)
  • World Cup (1)
  • World Requiem (1)
  • Wozzeck (1)
  • WQXR (1)
  • writing workshops (1)
  • Written on Skin (1)
  • Yannick Nezet-Seguin (3)
  • Yehudi Menuhin (3)
  • YES (2)
  • Yoshi Oida (1)
  • Yossi Wieler (1)
  • Young Epilepsy (1)
  • Yuja Wang (4)
  • Zenaida Yanowsky (2)
  • Zhang Zuo (1)
  • Zofia Posmysz (1)
  • Zoi Tsokanou (1)

Blog Archive

  • ▼  2013 (186)
    • ►  September (6)
    • ►  August (7)
    • ►  July (20)
    • ►  June (21)
    • ►  May (23)
    • ▼  April (29)
      • In the Right Hands: A guest post about Dorothy Tau...
      • DH Lawrence for spring. Plus a bit of Wagner...
      • "Music has a very simple task - to move people"
      • 'Forbidden Music' - a vital read
      • Sokolov plays Brahms, Prokofiev, Chopin and Rameau
      • Boston tackles Wagner's Flying, er, Scotsman?
      • Full speed ahead!
      • "Jonas Kaufmann is an honorary Londoner"
      • May the Bard be with you!
      • Jonas Kaufmann, swamped with red roses
      • A Sunday round-up
      • Lang Lang mobilises support for China's earthquake...
      • A lost concerto from Hungary, 1942: world premiere...
      • Proms 2013: Hear 7 Wagner Operas for £5 Each
      • SIR COLIN DAVIS, 1927 - 2013
      • Music, museums and a wake-up call
      • RPS Awards promise a fine vintage for 2012
      • "If they start shooting, whatever you do, don't le...
      • Kaufmann on Wagner and anti-Semitism
      • How to get into Wagner: your five-point plan
      • Feasts, joy and optimism at the BBC Music Magazine...
      • Where were you yesterday?
      • Going to 'Carmina Burana' tonight?
      • Friday Historical: Beethoven's Triple in Moscow, 1970
      • Polunin update
      • Polunin vanishes
      • Gove "could close Chetham's"
      • Hot Bach in freezing hall
      • Stop press! Motorcycles to take over Royal Opera H...
    • ►  March (29)
    • ►  February (23)
    • ►  January (28)
  • ►  2012 (242)
    • ►  December (24)
    • ►  November (29)
    • ►  October (15)
    • ►  September (31)
    • ►  August (13)
    • ►  July (19)
    • ►  June (17)
    • ►  May (19)
    • ►  April (17)
    • ►  March (18)
    • ►  February (21)
    • ►  January (19)
  • ►  2011 (72)
    • ►  December (20)
    • ►  November (20)
    • ►  October (16)
    • ►  September (16)
Powered by Blogger.

About Me

Unknown
View my complete profile